Clay vs. Ceramic: What's the Difference?

Quick Answer

This isn't a comparison - they're the same material at different stages. Clay is the raw, unfired material. Ceramic is clay that has been fired in a kiln. All ceramics start as clay.

Clay (Raw Material)

  • • Soft and moldable
  • • Contains water (20-30%)
  • • Can be reshaped
  • • Not permanent
  • • Not waterproof
  • State: Before firing

Ceramic (Fired Clay)

  • • Hard and permanent
  • • No water remaining
  • • Cannot be reshaped
  • • Permanent form
  • • Waterproof (when glazed)
  • State: After firing

The Transformation:

Clay → (Kiln firing 1000-1400°C) → Ceramic

Firing permanently changes clay's molecular structure. Once fired, clay becomes ceramic and can never return to clay.