Four Types of Pottery
The 4 main types of pottery are classified by firing temperature and clay composition:
- Earthenware - Low-fire (1000-1150°C)
- Stoneware - Mid-fire (1200-1300°C)
- Porcelain - High-fire (1200-1400°C)
- Bone China - High-fire with bone ash
1. Earthenware
Lowest firing temperature. Porous (needs glaze for waterproofing). Often terracotta-colored. Most common for beginners.
Firing temp: 1000-1150°C | Examples: Flower pots, decorative pieces, traditional pottery
2. Stoneware
Strong and durable. Vitrified (waterproof even without glaze). Most common for functional pottery. Good for dishwashers and microwaves.
Firing temp: 1200-1300°C | Examples: Mugs, bowls, dinner plates, casseroles
3. Porcelain
Finest white clay. Translucent when thin. Smooth, glass-like finish. Challenging to work with but produces elegant results.
Firing temp: 1200-1400°C | Examples: Fine dinnerware, decorative vases, artistic pieces
4. Bone China
Porcelain + bone ash. Strongest ceramic material despite being thin and translucent. Most expensive and delicate-looking.
Firing temp: 1200-1300°C | Examples: Fine tea sets, luxury dinnerware